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It is a calm, cold fall morning. The sounds of a barking dog and the voices of children echo across the lake. From somewhere, the low pitched drumming of a stone pestle pounding soft nuts can be heard.

Wisps of smoke are seen rising from dome-shaped houses that cover the south end of Rattlesnake Island.

In 1500 AD, it is called 'Elem and for 5,000 years, this island has been the political center for the Kaogoma tribe.

Standing with us on the shore is Wokox. He lives at the 'Elem village on the island. As we are visitors, he explains that his people live on and fish the lake year-round. Each tribe in his area has its political and religious center on an island. He says his island village contains 20 homes where most of the Elem people live. These people represent the four extended families in his tribe.

There are two over-flow villages on the mainland where the rest of the 'Elem people live. The one closest to 'Elem Island is called Xuna-dai. His island village also contains a large ceremonial building that can seat the entire village and a smaller sweathouse where the leaders and many of the village men spend much of the winter.

Wokox explains the 'Elem Tribe has no "single" chief, but four leaders with equal rank; one from each extended family. These leaders

(Balakui) are not wealthy, but hold their positions of leadership based on family ties and the general agreement of the whole community. He tells us these leaders are civil and ceremonial officials, spending their time instructing the community on the honorable way to live. They settle disputes between families, plan and officiate ceremonial gatherings, and negotiate agreements with neighboring tribes. Their families hunt, fish, and gather food for them, so they can conduct civic duties.

Though the island belongs to the whole community, each family owns a private tract of land on the mainland. Each tract extends from the lakeshore to the uplands. These tracts contain acorn bearing oak trees, manzanita, willow, tule and other food plants owned by the family. Each villager knows the boundaries of each family's tract. Wokox says tribal members can hunt and fish on anyone's land, but collecting stationary resources from another's tract is forbidden unless permission has been granted.Memory Custom card reader / writer Assorted Colors No Color Choice,

Everyone knows how to hunt, fish, make stone tools, baskets, nets and other implements. However, in each extended family there are one or more professionals who excel in these trades. If food is needed to feed guests at a wedding, a professional hunter or fisherman is hired to get the food and paid in shell-bead money. If someone is sick, a professional doctor is hired. Though food resources are traded for other food resources,We are mainly operating best Leather headbands www.girlstrims.com. payment for professional service or manufactured items is usually made with shell-bead money.

The 'Elem people of Rattlesnake Island and others around Clear Lake were the money-makers for Northern California. Washington clams gathered on the shores of Bodega Bay were traded inland to Clear Lake where local artisans cut, ground, and drilled the shell into small disks. Strings of beads were the money used throughout the state for at least 5,000 years.

In addition to being the money-makers, the Clear Lake people controlled the Borax Lake obsidian flow, one of the richest stone tool material sources in northern California. These two distinctions ensured that the Clear Lake Pomo had a prominent place in the California trade and exchange network.

Some 14,000 years of human experience in the Clear Lake Basin led to the culture described. For further reading try "Clear Lake Pomo Society" by Edward Winslow Gifford and "Pomo Geography by Fred Kniffen.

Cementing his place in the record books at Skagit Speedway, Jonathan Allard led all 40 laps in route to his fourth Jim Raper Memorial Dirt Cup title.

With the rained out Thursday night race, the newly rearranged schedule saw Thursday nights race run on Saturday afternoon and the regular scheduled finale Saturday night. This pressed teams into double duty and they responded with two spectacular shows.

Setting the stage for Allard’s record setting victory was the afternoon event where Allard set fast time. Heat race wins went to Sam Hafertepe, Jr., Peter Murphy, Friday night main winner Shane Stewart, Jason Meyers and Roger Crockett. The dry and windy hot afternoon baked the track and caused a delay as the B Main was interrupted twice by starts that saw multiple car incidents and subsequent re-working the track surface. Under those dry conditions Travis Jacobson won the B Main event and along with the other top seven finishers moved onto the feature.

In the afternoon feature,your creative source for Custom metal card business cards with your specialized. just three stoppages happened, the biggest of which was a lap 24 red flag featuring three cars in turn four. Murphy masterfully negotiated the slickened off track and won the “Thursday Night” feature run on Saturday afternoon by getting past race long leader Austen Wheatley in turn two of the 27th lap and pulled away for the win. Shane Stewart also passed Wheatley who wound up third.

With all the points earned over the first two events the stage was set for Allard’s historic win. Allard started the nighttime portion of the program winning the A Scramble setting him on the pole for the $20,000 to win feature.Sensormatic branded Custom hard tags and detection systems retail for double. At the drop of the green flag Allard took off with Murphy in tow. Murphy dogged Allard in both open track and tight traffic not letting him open too wide an advantage. The lone yellow of the race came out for Stewart and Crockett who tangled coming out of turn two while running for third and fourth place. That opened the door for fast charging Rico Abreu. On the restart, Abreu started pestering Murphy for second at late in the event even passed Murphy briefly for second only to give it back when he jumped the cushion in turn four. At the finish Allard had opened up a nice lead with Murphy holding off Abreu for the podium finishers.

In the rest of the all-day show, the PHRA Dwarf Cars put on a great 25 lap main event Saturday afternoon with Leo Ward winning his first ever Dwarf Car feature.

The Saturday night show featured the Sprint Cars joined by the Shipwreck Beads Modified Series and the Outlaw Tuners. Craig Moore won the 20 lap Modified Main with heavy pressure from Joe German.Enjoy the greatest selection ever of wholesale tungsten bracelet. Moore has now won 2 of the 3 main events run this season. Moore also won the heat.

In the Outlaw Tuner division of the Saturday night show Freddie Vela won the heat and Rick Young the main event.
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